Abstract
Coixol, a plant polyphenol extracted from coix (Coix lachryma-jobi L.var.ma-yuen Stapf), has not been investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage cell model, we observed that coixol can effectively reduce the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, but had no effect on the expression of the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-10. Furthermore, we found that coixol inhibits mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), nuclear transcription factor κ B (NF-κB) pathways, and NOD-like receptor protein (NLRP) 3 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that coixol exerts certain anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in vitro. The mechanism of this effect was in part related to its ability to inhibit the activation of NF-κB, MAPKs pathways, and NLRP3 inflammasome.
Highlights
Inflammation is a defensive response of the body to injury
The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of coixol on the expression of polyphenols [18], we speculated that coixol has certain anti-inflammatory effects
1, coixol had no cellular toxicity at concentrations of upfor to subsequent
Summary
Inflammation is a defensive response of the body to injury. The source of injury can be exogenous or endogenous, and almost all disease processes are accompanied by inflammation. Because inflammation is one of the most basic immune responses, its process is usually well regulated. Macrophages are one of the key cells which regulate the inflammatory response. Macrophages are activated when exposed to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), cytokines (including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon γ, among others) and other chemical agents [7]. Activated macrophages regulate the inflammatory process by phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and secretion of various cytokines. Research has shown that macrophages play a key role in the occurrence, maintenance, and regression of inflammation [8]. Macrophages are widely used as model cells in the research of anti-inflammatory drugs
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
