Abstract
Measurements of the partial double differential ionization cross sections of argon atoms have been made by performing coincidences between recoil ions and energy- and angle-selected slow electrons produced in $12--24\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{keV}$ ${e}^{\ensuremath{-}}\text{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{Ar}$ collisions. Results show that the ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{3+}$ ions are formed mainly by a two-step-one process via electron shake-off. These measurements have enabled determination of the shake-off probability $S=0.14\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.01$ for ${L}_{2,3}$ subshell, which is in good agreement with a theoretical predication. Additionally, ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{2+}$ and ${\mathrm{Ar}}^{+}$ ions are found to arise respectively from the filling of $L$-shell vacancy by an auger transition and from the direct ionization of $M$-shell of the argon atom.
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