Abstract
STratifyingResilienceandDepressionLongitudinally (STRADL) is a population-based study built on the Generation Scotland: Scottish Family Health Study (GS:SFHS) resource. The aim of STRADL is to subtype major depressive disorder (MDD) on the basis of its aetiology, using detailed clinical, cognitive, and brain imaging assessments. The GS:SFHS provides an important opportunity to study complex gene-environment interactions, incorporating linkage to existing datasets and inclusion of early-life variables for two longitudinal birth cohorts. Specifically, data collection in STRADL included: socio-economic and lifestyle variables; physical measures; questionnaire data that assesses resilience, early-life adversity, personality, psychological health, and lifetime history of mood disorder; laboratory samples; cognitive tests; and brain magnetic resonance imaging. Some of the questionnaire and cognitive data were first assessed at the GS:SFHS baseline assessment between 2006-2011, thus providing longitudinal measures relevant to the study of depression, psychological resilience, and cognition. In addition, routinely collected historic NHS data and early-life variables are linked to STRADL data, further providing opportunities for longitudinal analysis. Recruitment has been completed and we consented and tested 1,188 participants.
Highlights
Why was the study set up? Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 13% of the population at least once in their lifetime[1], and remains a leading cause of economic burden and non-lethal global disability[2,3] due to its recurrent or chronic nature
The results describe the cohort profile and baseline questionnaire and cognitive data, and we provide a summary of key demographic data from the current wave of STratifying Resilience and Depression Longitudinally (STRADL), compared to STRADL remote follow-up and wider GS:SFHS baseline assessment
The median age of the STRADL sample was 62 years, which is older compared to both STRADL remote follow-up and wider GS:SFHS populations
Summary
Why was the study set up? Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects approximately 13% of the population at least once in their lifetime[1], and remains a leading cause of economic burden and non-lethal global disability[2,3] due to its recurrent or chronic nature. MDD diagnosis is based on arbitrary and clinically heterogeneous criteria[4]. Even with optimal management, much of the disability caused by MDD persists[5] because of the absence of targeted disease-modifying treatments. The underlying pathophysiology of MDD is believed to be heterogeneous[6], with genetic and environmental factors acting to influence disease expression. It is important for treatment to shift from the current “trial and error” approach, towards precision prevention and stratified medicine based on markedly different disease mechanisms. Progress in this area has been severely restricted because the aetiology of MDD is complex, and remains poorly understood
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