Abstract
The current research sought to understand the sources of cognitive distraction stemming from voice-based in-vehicle infotainment systems (IVIS) to send and receive textual information. Three experiments each evaluated 1) a baseline single-task condition, 2) listening to e-mail/text messages read by a “natural” pre-recorded human voice, 3) listening to e-mail/text messages read by a “synthetic” computerized text-to-speech system, 4) listening and composing replies to e-mail/text messages read by a “natural” voice, and 5) listening and composing replies to e-mail/text messages read by a “synthetic” voice. Each task allowed the driver to keep their eyes on the road and their hands on the steering wheel, thus any impairment to driving was caused by the diversion of non-visual attention away from the task of operating the motor vehicle.
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