Cognitive, sleep, and neurophysiological markers among suicidal depressed patients

Abstract

Background Depressive disorders are associated with the highest probability of suicide. Different cognitive factors raise the probability of suicide. Sleep disorders are closely related to depression and may play a role in suicide. Aims Evaluation of whether suicidal depressed patients reveals distinct signs of cognitive, sleep, and neurophysiologic damage compared with depressed people who are not suicidal. Settings and design A case–control study involving suicidal depressed patients and non-suicidal in comparison to the control group. Patients and methods A random collection of 120 participants, who were divided into three groups at a ratio of 1:1:1 to be subjected to structured clinical interview for DSM-5(SCID-I), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Standard Electroencephalogram (EEG). Statistical analysis SPSS, version 22, for analysis of data. Results Cognitive impairment, especially attention, language, visuospatial, naming, abstract thinking, and sleep disorders were significantly higher in suicidal depressed patients than in non-suicidal depressed patients and control. EEG shows no significant difference among the groups. Conclusion Suicidal depressed patients had significant impairment in different cognitive domains and sleep but no significant difference in EEG compared with non-suicidal depressed patients or control.