Abstract
<p class="0abstract"><span lang="EN-US">The wireless spectrum demand is at a constant rise in contrast to its scarcity. Cognitive Radio Networks(CRN’s) as a notion was first brought into the light to tackle this issue. A CRN is an intelligent network that dynamically changes its characteristics through the process of Spectrum Sensing and adapts to the convenience of the environment it is in. This article presents a basic overview of what CRN’s are. The major contributions of this paper lie in a comparative study of CRN’s and Spectrum Sensing in recent years as well as its main challenges and applications. This review shall help current and new researchers in the field to look for future outlooks and give them a basic run-through of CRN’s and Spectrum Sensing and their characteristics. </span></p>
Highlights
It is quite evident that the demand for the radio spectrum for wireless communications has enlarged due to rapidly increasing mobile users and the invention of other communication devices
The Spectrum Sensing methods discussed in this paper help the secondary users (SUs)'s to detect the actions of the Primary users (PUs)'s
As single SU's have their fair share of drawbacks, we have studied how Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) is a vital technique that collectively helps in Spectrum Hole Detection
Summary
It is quite evident that the demand for the radio spectrum for wireless communications has enlarged due to rapidly increasing mobile users and the invention of other communication devices. Radio Frequency bands of the Electromagnetic Spectrum are meant to be exploited by certain systems These systems can broadly be divided into two classes by the number of operators working in the system: The Single-User and Multi-User systems. To make more effective use of the available radio frequency bands, a CR network with a fitting spectrum sensing strategy can be utilized. These CR networks are known to improve the rate of data transmission in future wireless communications networks.
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