Abstract
Abstract Cognitive radio network and vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) are recent emerging concepts in wireless networking. Cognitive radio network obtains knowledge of its operational geographical environment to manage sharing of spectrum between primary and secondary users, while VANET shares emergency safety messages among vehicles to ensure safety of users on the road. Cognitive radio network is employed in VANET to ensure the efficient use of spectrum, as well as to support VANET’s deployment. Random increase and decrease of spectrum users, unpredictable nature of VANET, high mobility, varying interference, security, packet scheduling, and priority assignment are the challenges encountered in a typical cognitive VANET environment. This paper provides survey and critical analysis on different challenges of cognitive radio VANET, with discussion on the open issues, challenges, and performance metrics for different cognitive radio VANET applications.
Highlights
Cognitive radio network emerged as the key solution to solve scarcity in spectrum
This paper provides survey and critical analysis on different challenges of cognitive radio vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), with discussion on the open issues, challenges, and performance metrics for different cognitive radio VANET applications
As described in this paper, despite the fact that considerable amount research work has been carried out in cognitive radio VANET, many practical problems still exist, which are yet to be solved. Several highlighted problems such as coordination between licensed and unlicensed users, duration of spectrum opportunities, multiple points of observation, interference, delay, and security are the main concerns in cognitive radio VANET
Summary
Cognitive radio network emerged as the key solution to solve scarcity in spectrum. The primary idea of cognitive radio network is to allow usage of the licensed (primary) users and the unlicensed (secondary) users to share the same bandwidth without causing harmful interference. Varying and unpredictable nature of VANET, scheduling efficiency, security, priority assignment, and high nodes mobility are main challenges in ensuring a deployable VANET Framework such as Di Felice, Chowdhury, and Bononi’s (2010) which allows spectrum sharing opportunities for Inter Vehicle Communication (IVC) with the use of cooperative sensing, spectrum allocation, and cooperation process is influential to promote robust primary user detection under fading conditions (Barrachina et al, 2012; Maslekar, Mouzna, Boussedjra, & Labiod, 2012). In VANET, we encounter issues such as network selection, cross-layer design, routing, security, and implementation of reliable simulators or test beds before the actual deployment of VANET These issues and implementation of cognitive radio VANET are discussed in detailed in the below sections. In Derakhshani, Le-Ngoc, and Vu (2010), beacons are used to perform study on interference caused by secondary users due to misdetection and capacity outage of the primary users in cognitive radio network
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