Cognitive orientation and family environment on smartphone addiction among undergraduate nursing students

Abstract

Objective To investigate the nursing undergraduates (hereinafter referred to as the students) use of Smartphone and Smartphone addiction, and to analyze the influences of the students' cognitive orientation and family environment on their Smartphone addiction. Methods Cluster sampling method was adopted to extract 310 nursing students in a medical university in April 2018. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI) , the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) , the Cognitive Appraisal Orientation Test (CAOT) and the Family Environment Scale (FES) were used to evaluate the status of the Smartphone addiction. Totally 310 questionnaires were distributed and 302 valid ones were retrieved. Results The students were divided into the addiction group and non-addiction group. There were 156 students (51.7%) in the addiction group and 146 (48.3%) in the non-addiction group. Logistic regression analysis indicates that, the pessimistic orientated cognition and the family conflicts are the risk factors in the smartphone addiction. Conclusions Pessimistic cognition and family conflicts contribute to smartphone addiction in the nursing undergraduates, therefore the school and family should actively teach the students how to reasonably use the phones and regulate their values about the right ways to use smartphones. Key words: Students, nursing; Undergraduates; Smartphone addiction; Conflict