Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly: A systematic review of the literature

Abstract

This article focuses on the study of cognitive impairment in the elderly. The general objective focuses on the analysis of three variables present in the selected articles which are cognitive impairment and quality of life, which explores the perceptions associated with the well-being and satisfaction of older adults, understanding the dynamics of personal achievement, social relationships, autonomy, and quality of life that impact on the conditions of integral health within the context of integral well-being. A second variable of mood alterations and comorbid pathologies, where it was identified that depression and anxiety are pathologies that cause emotional alterations in older adults and interfere in the development of symptoms associated with pathological comorbidities, and the third variable is lifestyle and neurocognition includes protective elements associated with physical activity, nutrition and socialization processes that promote active and healthy aging. The methodology is of quantitative design with a bibliometric approach under the context of a systematic literature review. Taking into account, the prism methodology that responds to the approach of Boolean equations that were used to perform the analysis and categorization of the documents using variables. Finally, it is concluded the need to make cognitive and behavioral changes in the elderly through a differentiated evaluation for each patient, thus minimizing the effects in the social, family, economic, affective, and emotional spheres