Abstract
Impairments in a variety of cognitive functions are found in patients with schizophrenia. These impairments affect a wide array of different cognitive abilities and are often of moderate to severe degree. Cognitive impairments appear to present across lifespan, detectable at the time of first episode of illness, probably predate the illness and manifest a generally stable course over time.Though cognitive impairment does not form a part of diagnostic criteria, it has been included in DSM-V and proposed to be included in ICD-11 as a schizophrenia course specifier. This review attempts to provide a broad overview of the domains, onset, severity and course of cognitive impairments in schizophrenia, with a focus on functional relevance and treatment possibilities. There is strong evidence for a relationship between cognitive impairment and vocational and functional impairment in individuals with schizophrenia.
Highlights
Cognitive impairment and diagnosis of schizophrenia Traditionally, significant cognitive impairment was thought to be evident in elderly deteriorated patients with schizophrenia
In addition to the five symptom domain areas identified in the diagnostic criteria, DSM-V highlighted the need for assessment of cognition, depression and mania in distinguishing various schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders[1]
Neuropsychological studies have suggested that poor performance on cognitive tests measuring primary frontal cortex functions, such as Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) trail making and measure of verbal fluency is associated with more severe negative symptoms[27]
Summary
1.Associate Professor and Head, Department of Psychiatry, BRD Medical College, Gorakhpur, UP, India 2. Associate Professor in Clinical Psychology & Principal, Sweekaar academy of Rehabilitation Sciences, Secunderabad, AP, India 3. Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, UCMS, Bhairahawa, Nepal
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