Cognitive Function Characteristics of Parkinson's Disease with Sleep Disorders.

Jing Huang,Lijuan Wang,Huan Chen,Jianhao Yang,Peipei Zhu,Wenyan Zhuo,Xiaobo Pan,Yuhu Zhang,Hongchun Sun

doi:10.1155/2017/4267353

Abstract

Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate the cognitive function characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD) with sleep disorders. Methods. Consecutive patients with PD (n = 96), patients with primary sleep disorders (n = 76), and healthy control subjects (n = 66) were assessed. The patients with PD were classified into sleep disorder (PD-SD) and non-sleep disorder (PD-NSD) groups. Results. Among 96 patients with PD, 69 were diagnosed with a sleep disorder. There were 38 sleep disorder cases, 31 RBD cases, and 27 NSD cases. On the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and MoCA subtests, patients in the PD-SD, primary sleep disorder, and PD-NSD groups exhibited lower scores than those in the control group. Moreover, the PD-SD patients exhibited more significant cognitive impairment than was observed in the primary sleep disorder patients. In the PD-SD subgroup, the attention scores on the MoCA and on MoCA subtests were lower in the PD with RBD group than in the PD with insomnia group. Conclusion. PD with sleep disorders may exacerbate cognitive dysfunction in patients. PD associated with different types of sleep disorders differentially affects cognitive functions, and patients with PD with RBD exhibited poorer cognitive function than was seen in patients with PD with insomnia.

Highlights

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a typical movement disorder
According to the diagnostic criteria for PD sleep disorders, the PD patients included a PD were classified into sleep disorder (PD-SD) group of 69 cases, which accounted for 72.7% of the total PD patients (38 cases in the PD with insomnia group, or 40.1% of the total PD patients; 31 cases in the PD with rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) group, or 31.8%)
The cognitive changes that occur in early-to-moderate PD are primarily deficits in executive function and memory [17,18,19], which are the same domains as those affected in individuals with insomnia [20]

Summary

Introduction

In addition to motor symptoms, it is characterized by its nonmotor symptoms, including sleep disorders, cognitive dysfunction, autonomic dysfunction, and mental disorders, which seriously affect the quality of life of PD patients [1]. The most common nonmotor symptoms include sleep disorders and cognitive dysfunction. In PD patients, insomnia and RBD, the latter, are the most common and widely studied sleep disorders. RBD includes a series of clinical symptoms (e.g., screaming, cursing and waving limbs, kicking, and falling out of bed). It accelerates the disease progression and affects the quality of sleep in PD patients, and it may lead to harm or death to patients or bedfellows [9]

Methods

Results

Conclusion