Abstract
BackgroundRecently, long-acting injection (LAI) of second-generation antipsychotics has become a valuable strategy for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, few studies have compared the effects of different LAI antipsychotics on cognitive functions so far. The present study aimed to compare the influence of risperidone LAIs (RLAI) and paliperidone palmitate LAIs (PP) on cognitive function in outpatients with schizophrenia.MethodsIn this 6-month, open-label, randomized, and controlled study, 30 patients with schizophrenia who were treated with RLAIs were randomly allocated to the RLAI-continued group or the PP group. At baseline and 6 months, the patients were evaluated using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) that was the primary outcome of the study. The Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic drug treatment-Short form (SWNS), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and the Drug-Induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS) scores were secondary outcome variables and they were tested at the same time points.ResultsThe two groups did not differ in terms of PANSS, DIEPSS, or SWNS total score changes. However, the BACS score for the attention and processing speed item showed higher improvement in the PP group than the RLAI group (p = 0.039).ConclusionsThe results of this preliminary study suggest that PPs may improve attention and processing speed more than RLAIs. Anyway, a replication in a larger and double-blind study is needed.Trial registrationUMIN000014470. Registered 10 July 2014Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0883-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Long-acting injection (LAI) of second-generation antipsychotics has become a valuable strategy for the treatment of schizophrenia
Among the second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), the present study examined risperidone (RIS) long-acting injection (LAI) (RLAI) and paliperidone (PAL) palmitate LAIs (PP) that was recently marketed in many countries
Demographic and clinical characteristics Thirty patients were allocated into the two groups (RLAI group, n = 16; paliperidone palmitate LAIs (PP) group, n = 14) at the start of the study
Summary
Long-acting injection (LAI) of second-generation antipsychotics has become a valuable strategy for the treatment of schizophrenia. Few studies have compared the effects of different LAI antipsychotics on cognitive functions so far. The present study aimed to compare the influence of risperidone LAIs (RLAI) and paliperidone palmitate LAIs (PP) on cognitive function in outpatients with schizophrenia. Among the second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), the present study examined risperidone (RIS) LAIs (RLAI) and paliperidone (PAL) palmitate LAIs (PP) that was recently marketed in many countries. Previous clinical studies compared Oral-RIS and Oral-PAL and they reported some differences pertaining the effects on cognitive functions [13, 14]. No study directly comparing RLAI and PP was performed so far, neither comparing their effects on cognitive functions
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