Abstract
This study was undertaken to determine the effect of antiepileptic treatment on a child with attention-deficit–hyperactivity disorder and subclinical electroencephalographic discharges without seizures. We performed a longitudinal follow-up study correlating clinical, neuropsychologic, and electroencephalographic features with antiepileptic drug therapy. The results revealed a temporal relation between subclinical epileptiform discharges and cognitive dysfunction and a significant effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs on attention-deficit–hyperactivity disorder and electroencephalographic discharges. The practice of monitoring antiepileptic treatment limited to seizure control should be revised; cognitive impairments also need to be taken into account even without occurrence of seizure. The classical principle of treating only seizures needs to be reconsidered.
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