Abstract
Objective: The present study proposes a psychological preparation program with a cognitive behavioral intervention to reduce levels of anxiety and depression in addition to modifying the coping style of patients with heart disease who will undergo a surgical intervention with cardiopulmonary bypass. Method: A quasi-experimental pre-test-posttest study was carried out with a control group. 91 patients were evaluated prior to undergoing cardiac cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, of which 16 were selected for this study, 8 participated in psychological treatment and 8 patients were selected for the control group. Instruments: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Questionnaire for Coping with Injuries and Health Problems. Results: Differences were found in the anxiety and depression scores of the experimental group, although these results were not statistically significant. On the other hand, a significant difference was found as a treatment effect between the groups in favor of the experimental group in the greater use of the Palliative coping style (p = 0.05) and less predominance of the Emotional style (p = 0.05). Conclusion: It is essential that the psychologist specialized in behavioral cardiology develops and carries out interventions so that the patient develops cognitive, emotional and coping strategies for the management of anxiety and depression.
Highlights
MethodA quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group was carried out; patients’ candidates for cardiac surgery by cardiopulmonary bypass with a diagnosis of valvular or ischemic heart disease were selected intentionally in the High Specialty Medical Unit of Cardiology of the National Medical Center (IMSS) in Mexico City
The present study proposes a psychological preparation program with a cognitive behavioral intervention to reduce levels of anxiety and depression in addition to modifying the coping style of patients with heart disease who will undergo a surgical intervention with cardiopulmonary bypass
The participants were randomly divided into two groups, only 16 patients agreed to participate in the cognitive behavioral intervention sessions, those who did not accept were invited to be part of the control group (Figure 1 shows the flow of participants throughout the study)
Summary
A quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group was carried out; patients’ candidates for cardiac surgery by cardiopulmonary bypass with a diagnosis of valvular or ischemic heart disease were selected intentionally in the High Specialty Medical Unit of Cardiology of the National Medical Center (IMSS) in Mexico City. The criteria for selecting patients were: literate men and women over 40 years of age without a psychiatric diagnosis of anxiety or depression, who had not requested psychological support during their medical check-ups or from the moment of the evaluation, and who had no other diagnoses of chronic health diseases in advanced stage such as cancer or renal failure. Those who reported taking medications such as anxiolytics and antidepressants, and those who had at least two absences or incomplete evaluations, were excluded from the study.
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