Abstract
In two experiments, students completed indices of worry, emotionality, and task-generated interference immediately after a midterm exam. Pulse rate was also assessed in the second experiment. Worry, emotionality, and task-generated interference correlated positively with each other and negatively with performance. Heart rate correlated positively with worry and emotionality but was unrelated to task-generated interference and performance. In both experiments, two-way (High-low subject general test level ×Sex) MANOVAs revealed a consistent effect for Anxiety level, but not for Sex or the Sex ×Anxiety interaction. High-anxious subjects performed poorer, had higher pulse rates, and reported more worry, emotionality, and task-generated interference than low-anxious subjects. The high-anxious subjects also reported more worry than either emotionality or task-generated interference, which did not differ. Regressions of state anxiety measures on performance demonstrated that only worry regressed upon performance. Thus, comparisons among means and regression analyses suggested that worry was the most important source of anxiety interference.
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