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Abstract
The research explored explanatory mechanisms of change for a personalized normative feedback (PNF) intervention, through an adapted application of the Articulated Thoughts in Simulated Situation (ATSS) cognitive think-aloud paradigm. A sample of 70 (51% female) U.S. adjudicated students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a PNF-ATSS condition, a PNF-Only condition (without ATSS), and an active Control+ATSS condition which received psychoeducation about alcohol use. Students in both the PNF-Only and PNF-ATSS conditions reported significant reductions in their misperceived peer drinking norms and alcohol-related consequences at the 30-day follow-up, relative to students in the control condition. Participants in the PNF-ATSS condition drank significantly fewer drinks per week at follow-up than participants in the PNF-Only condition, but not less than participants in the control condition. Significant indirect effects were found for the ATSS codes of participants’ neutrality and believability toward PNF content. This study presents a proof of concept for an adapted ATSS think-aloud methodology as a clinical science intervention tool to specify the cognitive-affective processes of change linked to complex intervention for particular problems, persons, and contexts.
Highlights
Problematic drinking by college students is a public health concern
The results showed that participants in the personalized normative feedback (PNF)-Articulated Thoughts in Simulated Situations (ATSS) condition (M = −0.061; marginal effect p = 0.05) and those in the PNF-Only condition (M = −0.395) held lower perceived weekly drinking norms post-intervention, controlling for baseline perceived norms, than participants in the control condition (M = 0.471)
AIM I of the current study examined the main effects of the PNF intervention in reducing perceived alcohol use of other same-sex University of Southern California (USC) college students, individuals’ own drinking behavior, and individuals’ alcohol-related consequences
Summary
Problematic drinking by college students is a public health concern. National data in the UnitedStates (U.S.) indicate most young adults drink alcohol, with about one-third of young people between 18 and 25 engaging in heavy drinking (five or more drinks in a row in the previous two weeks) and about one in 10 young adults reporting consumption of 10 or more drinks in a row during just the previous two weeks [1]. Problematic drinking by college students is a public health concern. The consequences of heavy drinking by young adults are well documented and include academic problems, physical injuries and fights, risky sexual behavior and sexual assaults, memory blackouts and passing out, sustained cognitive deficits, alcohol poisoning, and even death [2,3,4]. Despite significant resources and efforts dedicated to reducing alcohol harm, problematic alcohol use in U.S colleges remains widespread. Adjudicated ( called mandated) students are those who receive sanctions for violating the alcohol use policy at their college or university. Most if not all U.S colleges have some policy prohibiting
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