Cognition and interpersonal coordination of patients with schizophrenia who have sports habits.

Keisuke Fujii,Daisuke Maniwa,Keima Tose,Hideaki Takeuchi,Toshiya Murai,Hiroto Mizuta,Hidehiko Takahashi,Yukiko Matsumoto,Masanori Isobe,Yoshinobu Kawahara,Takehiko Okamura,Yujiro Yoshihara,Kenji Hashimoto

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0241863

Abstract

Team sports activities are effective for improving the negative symptoms and cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia. However, the interpersonal coordination during the sports and visual cognition of patients with schizophrenia who have team sports habits are unknown. The main objectives of this study were to test two hypotheses: first, patients with schizophrenia perform the skill requiring ball passing and receiving worse than healthy controls; and second, the patients will be impaired in these functionings in accordance with the previous studies regarding schizophrenia in general. Twelve patients with schizophrenia and 15 healthy controls, who had habits in football, participated in this study. The participants performed three conventional cognitive tests and a 3-vs-1 ball possession task to evaluate their interpersonal coordination. The results showed that in the 3-vs-1 possession task, the displacement in the pass angle for the patients was significantly smaller than that for the control. The recall in the complex figure test, the performance in the trail making test, and that in the five-choice reaction task for the patients were worse than those for the control. Moreover, we found the significant partial correlations in the patients between the extradimensional shift error and the pass angle as well as between the time in the trail making test and the displacement in the pass angle, whereas there was no significant correlation in the control group. This study clarified the impaired interpersonal coordination during team sports and the visual cognition of patients with schizophrenia who have team sports habits.

Highlights

Exercise and physical activity have positive effects on various mental disorders and produce therapeutic benefits [1,2,3] such as in emotions, cognitive functions
The last is the common recent football experience. Their predicted IQ was measured using the Japanese version of the National Adult Reading Test (JART) short form, which is considered to reflect the premorbid IQ of patients/persons with schizophrenia [26]
The number of participants is not small at all and we believe that this study would be valuable as such a special case of patients with schizophrenia maintaining football habits, whereas we need to be careful in the interpretation of these results

Summary

Introduction

Exercise and physical activity have positive effects on various mental disorders and produce therapeutic benefits [1,2,3] such as in emotions (e.g., depression), cognitive functions Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Award Number: JP19dm0307009 | Recipient: Yoshinobu Kawahara Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology Award Number: JPMJCR1913 | Recipient: Yoshinobu Kawahara. The Commissioned Research of National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Award Number: None | Recipient: Hidehiko Takahashi. Grant from Research Group For Schizophrenia, Award Number: None | Recipient: Yujiro Yoshihara. Grant from Meiji Yasuda Life Foundation of Health and Welfare, Award Number: None | Recipient: Masanori Isobe. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

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