Abstract
Cogeneration/combined heat and power (CHP) is the sequentialuse of one fuel source to produce power and thermal energy. The en-ergy cascade provided avoids losses that occur when power is tradition-ally generated at a central station power plant and thermal energy isconsumed on-site in a boiler. CHP can be used in either a topping cycleor bottoming cycle mode with topping cycles being the most dominantapplication.CHP was used at the beginning of the 20th century, primarily forindustrial uses. With the expansion of the electric grid and cheap rawenergy, its use declined. A major expansion of the technology occurredin the eighties as a result of the Public Utilities Regulatory Policy Act of1978. As a result of heavy opposition by the electric utility industry, theinterest in CHP declined towards the end of the eighties. High energyprices and constrained generating capacity has renewed interest in thetechnology in 2002.
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