Coffee beverage reduces ROS production and does not affect the organism s response against Candida albicans

Alessandra Dos Santos Danziger Silvério,Adriene Ribeiro Lima,Tomaz Henrique Araújo,Sônia Aparecida Figueiredo,Maria Rita Rodrigues,Cláudia De Souza Ferreira,Rosemary Gualberto Fonseca Alvarenga Pereira,Stella Maris Da Silveira Duarte,Fernanda Borges De Araújo Paula,Eric Batista Ferreira

doi:10.4322/2179-443x.0684

Abstract

Coffee is a mixture of substances with potential beneficial and adverse health effects. Several studies demonstrate the antioxidant effect of the phenolics compounds present in coffee. Neutrophils produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating NOX2, which plays a key role in organism defense against microbial pathogens. Diabetes mellitus patients are more susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections. The present study evaluated the influence of coffee beverage on NOX2 activity and ROS generation and the impact of this effect on phagocytosis and killing of Candida albicans by neutrophils from diabetic and non-diabetic animals. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats using 2% alloxan. Diabetic and non-diabetic animals were divided into groups treated and untreated with coffee drink (7.2 mL/kg/day) or apocyanine (16 mg/kg/day) for 50 days. After 50 days, the animals' glycemic profile was measured by blood glucose and HbA1c tests. The generation of ROS in neutrophilic cells was measured by chemiluminescence and cytochrome C reduction assays. C. albicans phagocytosis and death were evaluated by optical microscopy using the May-Grunwald-Giemsa staining method. The coffee drink has not altered the glycemic profile and NOX2 activity of the animals. However, coffee reduced the ROS pool in non-diabetic and diabetic animals, but this activity did not harm the phagocytosis or killing of neutrophils. Treatment with apocyanin decreased ROS production and killing capacity of neutrophils from non-diabetic animals against C. albicans. We suggest that the coffee drink intake prevents oxidative damage and does not impair response of the organism against opportunistic microorganism.

Highlights

Coffee has in its composition an infinity of chemical substances such as chlorogenic and caffeic acid, lactones, diterpenes, including cafestol and kahweol, niacin, trigonelline, caffeine, among others, all belonging to different classes and, with relevant pharmacological (Cano-Marquina et al, 2013; Romualdo et al, 2019)
Our data showed that intake of coffee beverage did not affect the glycemic profile of nondiabetic or diabetic animals
Coffee reduced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in non-diabetic and diabetic animals and did not affect neutrophil phagocytosis or killing against C. albicans

Summary

Introduction

Some authors suggest that these damages are caused by hyperglycemia linked to increased flow through the polyol pathway, by activation of protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms and hexosamine biosynthetic pathway with increased formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (Souza Ferreira et al, 2016; Ding, et al 2019; Jud and Sourij, 2019; Shakeel, 2015). All of these mechanisms may result in an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria (Ding et al, 2019). Changes in ROS production by phagocytes have been identified as a major cause of immune system dysfunction in diabetics and of their increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections (Souza Ferreira et al, 2016; Kempf et al, 2007)

Methods

Results

Conclusion