Coexisting With Large Carnivores: A Case Study From Western Duars, India

Abstract

This article sought to understand the human–leopard conflict scenario in the western Duars region of northern West Bengal. We found human depredation levels by leopards have increased by 65% from 2001 to 2008. Tea estates adjoining the forested areas were identified as conflict hotspots. We found a significant increase in human depredation levels in the tea estates adjoining Gorumara National Park (GNP) from 2005 to 2007, following the release of a large number of rescued leopards into GNP during 2005–06. This may indicate that translocation of “problem” leopards into forests have increased conflict in adjoining areas. Monitoring captured leopards after relocation can confirm this. Most locals felt fear and hatred toward leopards. The local communities need to be involved while framing management guidelines. Existing short-term mitigation strategies like compensation must be supplemented with long-term strategies like habitat restoration, and better livestock guarding techniques. Alternate strategies like incentive programs should be explored.