Abstract
A deterministic design method and experimental demonstration of single photonic crystal nanocavity supporting both air and dielectric modes in the mid-infrared wavelength region are reported here. The coexistence of both modes is realized by a proper design of photonic dispersion to confine air and dielectric bands simultaneously. By adding central mirrors to make the resonance modes be confined at the bandgap edges, high experimental Q-factors of 2.32 × 104 and 1.59 × 104 are achieved at the resonance wavelength of about 3.875μm and 3.728μm for fundamental dielectric and air modes, respectively. Moreover, multiple sets of air and dielectric modes can be realized by introducing central aperiodic mirrors with multiple bandgaps. The realization of coexistence of air and dielectric modes in single nanocavity will offer opportunities for multifunctional devices, paving the way to integrated multi-parameter sensors, filters, nonlinear devices, and compact light sources.
Highlights
In the past two decades, photonic band gap (PBG) materials have drawn considerable attentions, due to their abilities to confine light within a volume of the order of (λ/2n)3 in certain directions with specified frequencies [1,2,3]
It is convenient to refer to the modes with resonant frequencies close to the band above and below a PBG as air modes and dielectric modes respectively based on where the energy of their modes is concentrated [1]
In conclusion, we reported the development of single photonic crystal nanobeam cavity (PCNC) supporting both air and dielectric modes
Summary
In the past two decades, photonic band gap (PBG) materials have drawn considerable attentions, due to their abilities to confine light within a volume of the order of (λ/2n) in certain directions with specified frequencies [1,2,3]. The quality (Q) factor of the defect mode placed within the PBG is relatively low (~250) due to strong scattering of light at the interfaces with abrupt changes of the refractive index. In order to suppress the light scattering and increase the Q-factor, filling factors of holes in photonic crystal reflectors are usually designed to change gradually [4,5,6,7,8,9]. Among all these studies, the deterministically design method based on mathematical descriptions proposed by Quan. Dielectric modes feature strong confinement in waveguide, which are adequate for integrated light sources and nonlinear process [13,14,15,16,17]
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