Abstract
Recently, the emergent dynamics in multiplex networks, composed of layers of multiple networks, has been discussed extensively in network sciences. However, little is still known about whether and how the evolution of strategy for selecting a layer to participate in can contribute to the emergence of cooperative behaviors in multiplex networks of social interactions. To investigate these issues, we constructed a coevolutionary model of cooperation and layer selection strategies in which each an individual selects one layer from multiple layers of social networks and plays the Prisoner’s Dilemma with neighbors in the selected layer. We found that the proportion of cooperative strategies increased with increasing the number of layers regardless of the degree of dilemma, and this increase occurred due to a cyclic coevolution process of game strategies and layer selection strategies. We also showed that the heterogeneity of links among layers is a key factor for multiplex networks to facilitate the evolution of cooperation, and such positive effects on cooperation were observed regardless of the difference in the stochastic properties of network topologies.
Highlights
The recent progress in network sciences revealed that structures of interactions among individuals could affect the emergence and evolution of cooperative behaviors significantly [1,2]
We show that the larger the number of layers, the larger the proportion of cooperators increases, implying that multiplex networks can contribute to the evolution of cooperative behaviors
We discussed whether and how the evolution of layer selection strategy can contribute to the emergence of cooperative behaviors in multiplex networks of social interactions
Summary
The recent progress in network sciences revealed that structures of interactions among individuals could affect the emergence and evolution of cooperative behaviors significantly [1,2]. While most of the previous studies assumed that all individuals interact in a network of a single social relationship or context, there exist different networks of social interactions in a real world, and they are affecting each other directly or indirectly in various ways. Such a situation of interactions among networks is known as a kind of multiplex network, multilayer network, interdependent network, interconnected network, and a network of a network, which have recently been discussed extensively in network sciences [3,4]. When we focus on networks of social interactions, there are two types of multilayer networks, which are called interdependent networks and multiplex networks
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