Abstract
Coenzyme Q10 (coQ10) is a lipid-soluble antioxidant naturally present in all human cells, which plays a fundamental role during aerobic cellular respiration. The objective of this study was to investigate the solubility of coQ10 in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) using a dynamic semi-continuous process at different conditions of pressure (10.0 to 30.0 MPa), temperature (32 °C to 50 °C) and addition of co-solvent (ethanol at 5 and 10 mol%) for potential scale up. Melting point depression of coQ10 in SC-CO2 decreased from 51.3 °C at ambient pressure to 32.6 °C after saturation with CO2 at 8.0 MPa. As expected, coQ10 solubility in SC-CO2 increased with CO2 density, from 6.5 × 10−6 g/gCO2 at 628.61 kg/m3 to 3.4 × 10−3 g/gCO2 at 909.89 kg/m3. The addition of 10 mol% of ethanol increased the solubility up to 7.8 × 10−3 g/gCO2. Better understanding of the coQ10 solubility behavior in SC-CO2 presents potential for developing novel processes for the production of ingredients for functional foods and natural health products.
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