Abstract
Along with the spread of open design environments and various types of digital fabrication tools (e.g., computer numerical control machines, laser cutting devices, and 3D printers), the "maker movement" or "personal fabrication" has been spreading worldwide over the past decade. This case study introduces grassroots activities in Japan that are employing personal fabrication tools to manage the COVID-19 crisis, focusing on the co-design of do-it-yourself face shields for healthcare workers. We address various issues emerging from the activities of face shield production: (1) development of face shield designs and materials, (2) examination and information sharing regarding the practicality and safety of open-source designs, and (3) collaboration with local factories. Thus, we demonstrate the significance of maker contributions to COVID-19, and provide suggestions for challenges in the future.
Highlights
COVID-19 CRISIS AND MAKER MOVEMENTSSince the widespread use of personal computers and the Internet, individuals have been able to access vast amounts of information for computation and communication
Confronted with the unpredictable crisis of the spread of COVID-19 worldwide and the corresponding shortages of protective equipment (PPE), FabLabs in Japan have addressed these problems by using their skills and devices
Several issues emerged from the activities of face shield production: (1) development of face shield designs and materials, (2) examination and information sharing regarding the practicality and safety of open-source designs, and (3) collaboration with local factories
Summary
COVID-19 CRISIS AND MAKER MOVEMENTSSince the widespread use of personal computers and the Internet, individuals have been able to access vast amounts of information for computation and communication. Open design environments and various types of digital fabrication tools such as computer numerical control machines, laser cutting devices, and 3D printers have been developed, encouraging individuals to experiment and/or fabricate things they require. In this context, a movement known as the "maker movement" or "personal fabrication" has been spreading worldwide over the past decade (Dougherty et al, 2017; van Abel et al, 2014; Gershenfeld, 2007). The FabLab Japan Network, a voluntary community of FabLab managers and supporters with diverse backgrounds, was established in Japan in 2010; labs are spreading to more than 18 locations, including those in Hiratsuka and Shinagawa
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