Abstract
Acetate-fed granules were used to start-up reactors for the treatment of low-strength domestic wastewater at 25 °C (R1) and 35 °C (R2). Two hundred milligrams per liter COD in domestic wastewater was easily removed. Granular seeds acclimated to NH 4 +-N removal after domestic wastewater was used and the specific NH 4 +-N removal rate increased linely after 7-day operation. Effluent NH 4 +-N was below 5 mg l −1 and NH4 +-N removal efficiency increased to above 90% after 22-day operation with cycle time of 2 h in both reactors with 0.3 kg m −3 day −1 NH 4 +-N loading rate. In addition, granular seeds cultivated at 25 °C showed good adaptation to higher temperature and the granules in R2 at 35 °C showed good stability in 4-month operation.
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