Coconut-fiber-reinforced thermosetting plastics

Abstract

Thermosetting plastic composites have been prepared with phenol–formaldehyde resins as well as unsaturated polyesters as binders and coconut hair as fibrous reinforcement. Using resole-type phenol–formaldehyde resins, the effect of coconut fiber pretreatment by NaOH, the precondensation time of the impregnated fibrous press material, the resin–fiber ratio, and pressing parameters have been studied. Especially advantageous press-material has been obtained using 60–65 wt % linear novolac type phenol-formaldehyde resin as binder and 35–40 wt % of coconut hair. Applying unsaturated polyester (UP) as binder, BMC (bulk molding compound)-type press material can be prepared using coconut fiber reinforcement instead of glass fibers. To achieve better coupling between coconut fiber and UP matrix, coconut fiber was pretreated by NaOH and/or gamma-preirradiation. It has been found that in glass-fiber-reinforced UP press materials a significant part of glass fiber could be changed for short-cut coconut fiber.