Abstract
Coconut shell activated carbon loaded with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) composites (CAC/CoFe2O4) was synthesized via the single-step refluxing router method to manufacture adsorbents. The adsorbents were then applied to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous environments via adsorption. The properties of coconut shell activated carbon (CAC) and CAC/CoFe2O4 were investigated through the usage of electron microscopic methods (SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDS: Energy Dispersive X-ray), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). A series of batch experiments were implemented to evaluate the influences of various experimental parameters (initial pH, RhB concentration, contact time, and dosage of CAC/CoFe2O4) on the adsorption process. It was found that CoFe2O4 was successfully attached to activated carbon particles and had the suitable adsorption capacity for RhB at a molar ratio of 1 : 2:200 corresponding to the Co : Fe:CAC order. The removal efficiency and adsorption of RhB were optimal at a pH level of 4. The maximum adsorption capacity was 94.08 mg/g at an initial concentration of 350 mg/L and adsorbent dosage of 0.05 g/25 mL. Freundlich and Langmuir's models fitted well with the results obtained from the experimental data. The pseudo-second-order model also suited the most for RhB adsorption with the most remarkable correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.934). The adsorption process was controlled by a chemisorption mechanism through electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding interactions, and π-π interactions.
Highlights
Le Phuong Hoang,1 Huu Tap Van,2 Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen,1 Van Quang Nguyen,3 and Phan Quang Thang4
Coconut shell activated carbon loaded with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) composites (CAC/CoFe2O4) was synthesized via the singlestep refluxing router method to manufacture adsorbents. e adsorbents were applied to remove Rhodamine B (RhB) from aqueous environments via adsorption. e properties of coconut shell activated carbon (CAC) and CAC/CoFe2O4 were investigated through the usage of electron microscopic methods (SEM: Scanning Electron Microscopy, EDS: Energy Dispersive X-ray), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
In this study, activated carbon was produced from coconut shell (CAC), and activated carbon/CoFe2O4 was prepared through a single-step refluxing router with various molar ratios of CoFe2O4 adsorbent (Co) : Fe:CAC. e analyses of the physicochemical properties of the adsorbent material were apprehended by SEM, EDX, XRD, and FTIR. e adsorption process was investigated with parameters including molar ratios of Co : Fe:CAC, solution pH, contact time, initial Rhodamine B (RhB) concentration, and adsorbent dosage. e evaluations of isotherm, adsorption kinetics, and mechanism of RhB adsorption onto activated carbon/CoFe2O4 were investigated in batch experiments
Summary
Le Phuong Hoang, Huu Tap Van ,2 Thi Thuy Hang Nguyen, Van Quang Nguyen, and Phan Quang Thang. It was found that CoFe2O4 was successfully attached to activated carbon particles and had the suitable adsorption capacity for RhB at a molar ratio of 1 : 2:200 corresponding to the Co : Fe:CAC order. Rhodamine B dye (RhB) is a cationic xanthene dye that has been used for many industrial purposes It presents strong fluorescent properties and high solubility in water. Among all adsorbent materials, activated carbon (AC) appears to be drastically efficient in adsorbing dyes with a high adsorption capacity [11]. Ai et al [16] successfully manufactured activated carbon/CoFe2O4 composite (AC/CFO) by the simple onestep refluxing route for adsorbing malachite green. E adsorption process was investigated with parameters including molar ratios of Co : Fe:CAC, solution pH, contact time, initial Rhodamine B (RhB) concentration, and adsorbent dosage. In this study, activated carbon was produced from coconut shell (CAC), and activated carbon/CoFe2O4 was prepared through a single-step refluxing router with various molar ratios of Co : Fe:CAC. e analyses of the physicochemical properties of the adsorbent material were apprehended by SEM, EDX, XRD, and FTIR. e adsorption process was investigated with parameters including molar ratios of Co : Fe:CAC, solution pH, contact time, initial Rhodamine B (RhB) concentration, and adsorbent dosage. e evaluations of isotherm, adsorption kinetics, and mechanism of RhB adsorption onto activated carbon/CoFe2O4 were investigated in batch experiments
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