Cocaine-Induced Coronary Syndromes: Unraveling the Complex Pathophysiology and Clinical Implications

Abstract

Cocaine-induced coronary syndromes represent a significant public health concern, with complex pathophysiology and high morbidity and mortality rates. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management strategies, prognosis, and complications associated with cocaine-induced coronary syndromes. Epidemiological data suggest a notable increase in cocaine use globally, with significant implications for cardiovascular health. The pathophysiology of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes involves multifaceted mechanisms, including vascular dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis. Clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes to life-threatening acute myocardial infarction, posing diagnostic challenges for healthcare professionals. Management strategies encompass a multidisciplinary approach, including pharmacological interventions, revascularization procedures, and behavioral interventions aimed at addressing both acute cardiovascular events and underlying substance abuse disorders. Despite advancements in medical therapy and preventive measures, the burden of cocaine-induced coronary syndromes remains substantial, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts to mitigate the impact of cocaine-related cardiovascular complications on public health and clinical practice.