Abstract
Recreational cocaine use dates back more than 5000 years among the Incas, and since then, its popularity has been waxing and waning. Sigmund Freud popularized the drug in Europe in the late 1800s. Cocaine reached the United States in the early 1900s and its immediate popularity led President Taft to declare it public enemy no. 1 in 1910. Cocaine became popular again in the 1980s and has since reached epidemic proportions. An estimated 23 million persons have used cocaine at least once (30% of men and 20% of women between the ages of 26 and 34 years) and 1.5 million are regular users.12 Cocaine produces potent euphoric effects rapidly, which probably explains its popularity; however, its actions on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems can also result in significant morbidity and occasional mortality.
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