Abstract
Air and ground temperatures were monitored from 2002 - 2007 at the summit area of Alto de las Guarramillas (2258 m; 40º 47' 10'' N and 3º 58' 46'' W) in the central sector of Sierra de Guadarrama, a mountain range located 50 km from Madrid. Air temperature was recorded at the summit while ground temperature was monitored at 3 locations, differentiated by the permanence of snow cover: the summit, inside a snow hollow, known as Ventisquero de la Condesa, located on the east side of the summit and the pronival sector of this hollow. During the summer, ground temperatures were uniform for all three control points, and showed symmetrical changes with the air temperature. During the period of snow cover, ground temperature varied widely among the sample sites as influenced by snow thickness and, particularly, snow cover duration. It is uncertain as to whether these variations could be related to variations in air temperature. Snow thickness and snow cover duration are factors that directly affect phase changes in ground water content, which subsequently influences geomorphologic processes and plant cover. Snow cover duration is a crucial factor, because it can markedly alter ground temperature in a distance of only a few meters
Highlights
Snow thickness and snow cover duration are factors that directly affect phase changes in ground water content, which subsequently influences geomorphologic processes and plant cover
Los resultados del seguimiento de la temperatura del aire, en la estación AIRE
Ground temperature regimes and geomorphological implications in a Mediterranean mountain (Serra da Estrela, Portugal)
Summary
Desde mediados del siglo XIX la cubierta nival ya fue considerada un factor clave en la distribución el régimen de la temperatura del suelo, al enfrentarse a problemas relacionados con la construcción de infraestructuras en el subsuelo (Rozet, 1855). Estos trabajos revelaron la poca o nula actividad geomorfológica derivada por el hielo/deshielo que existía bajo los neveros, donde el aislamiento de la nieve reducía drásticamente la amplitud térmica en el suelo. Posteriormente se sucedieron trabajos de monitorización de la temperatura del suelo en neveros con detallados seguimientos de varios años, tratando de analizar las condiciones geomorfológicas, derivadas de este régimen térmico, como los publicados por Goodrich (1982), Hall (1985, 1993), Nyberg (1991), Razcokowska (1995), Christiansen (1996), Kariya (2002), e Ishikawa (2003), que confirmaron la poca o nula eficacia de la acción de la helada bajo los neveros. Se podrán comparar los posibles regímenes térmicos del suelo en puntos que presentan diferencias en las características de su cubierta nival
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