Abstract

Nanolipid vesicular structures are ideal candidates for the controlled release of various ingredients, from vitamins for nutraceutical purposes to chemoterapic drugs. To improve their stability, permeability, and some specific surface properties, such as mucoadhesiveness, these structures can require a process of surface engineering. The interaction of lipid vesicles with oppositely charged polyelectrolytes seems to be an interesting solution, especially when the negatively charged liposomes are complexed with the cationic chitosan. In this work, a novel simil-microfluidic technique was used to produce both chitosan-coated vesicles and a vegan alternative composed of cholesterol-free liposomes coated by Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride (Guar-HC). The combination between the experimental approach, based on experimental observations in terms of Z-potential, and size evolutions, and the theoretical approach, based on concepts of saturation, was the methodology applied to define the best polycation concentration to fairly cover (vegan or not) liposomes without aggregation. The smart production of coated nanolipid structures was confirmed by characterizations of morphology, mucoadhesiveness, and stability.

Highlights

  • Liposomes are lipid vesicular structures formed by one or more phospholipid bilayers surrounding an aqueous core

  • A novel simil-microfluidic technique was used to produce both chitosan-coated vesicles and a vegan alternative composed of cholesterol-free liposomes coated by Guar Hydroxypropyltrimonium Chloride (Guar-HC)

  • Liposomes present poor stability during storage and in biological fluids [2]. They can release an active molecule before reaching the target, or they can be cleared from the blood stream by the reticuloendothelial system, reducing the half life time of the circulating liposomes [3]

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Summary

Introduction

Liposomes are lipid vesicular structures formed by one or more phospholipid bilayers surrounding an aqueous core. Due to their low intrinsic toxicity and immunogenicity, and their ability to incorporate hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules, liposomes are ideal candidates in the controlled release of many kinds of active ingredients. Liposomes present poor stability during storage (with a high tendency to aggregate) and in biological fluids [2] They can release an active molecule before reaching the target, or they can be cleared from the blood stream by the reticuloendothelial system, reducing the half life time of the circulating liposomes [3].

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