Abstract

In the last years, functionalized powders are becoming of increasing interest in additive manufacturing (particularly in laser powder bed fusion processing, L-PBF), due to their improved flowability and enhanced processability, particularly in terms of laser absorbance. Functionalized powders may also provide higher final mechanical or physical properties in the manufactured parts, like an increased hardness, a higher tensile strength, and density levels close to theoretical. Coatings represent a possible interesting approach for powders’ functionalizing. Different coating methods have been studied in the past years, either mechanical or non-mechanical. This work aims to present an overview of the currently obtained coated powders, analyzing in detail the processes adopted for their production, the processability of the coated systems, and the mechanical and physical properties of the final parts obtained by using L-PBF for the powders processing.

Highlights

  • In the last years, functionalized powders are becoming of increasing interest in additive manufacturing, due to their improved flowability and enhanced processability, in terms of laser absorbance

  • This work aims to present an overview of the currently obtained coated powders, analyzing in detail the processes adopted for their production, the processability of the coated systems, and the mechanical and physical properties of the final parts obtained by using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) for the powders processing

  • Manufacturing techniques based on powder metallurgy (PM) play a significant role in several different industrial fields including, among others, automotive [1,2], aerospace [3,4,5], and biomedical [6,7]

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Summary

Introduction

Manufacturing techniques based on powder metallurgy (PM) play a significant role in several different industrial fields including, among others, automotive [1,2], aerospace [3,4,5], and biomedical [6,7]. The necessity of obtaining more performing PM parts led to the development of functionalized base materials [12,13,14] and optimized processes In this frame, the use of coated powders has been significantly increasing in PM, aiming to improve the powders’ processability or to modify the final part’s microstructural, mechanical, physical, and thermal properties. At the emission wavelength of the laser commonly adopted in L-PBF (1064 or 1070 nm), an increase of powders’ surface roughness can be provided [62,63] Another solution might be coating powders with a material characterized by a lower reflectance [17,18,19,21,63,64,65]. This work presents an overview of the most up-to-date coated systems (powder + coating), including the description of the applied coating methods, in order to analyze and understand the potentialities in improving materials’ processability through L-PBF (such as improving their absorbance) and some of the mechanical properties of the final objects

Base Metal Powders
Turbula
Chemical Vapor Deposition and Physical Vapor Deposition
Properties of L-PBF Processed Parts
Findings
Conclusions

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