Abstract
Banana plants showing typical mosaic and yellow stripes on leaves as symptoms were collected from Assiut Governorate in Egypt. The causal agent was identified as Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) on the basis of symptoms, transmission, serology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Coat protein (CP) gene was amplified using gene specific primer, followed by cloning into desired cloning vector and sequencing. In this study the CMV was transmitted into propagation host either by aphid or mechanically. The transmission was confirmed through direct antigen coating enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). Analysis of the 120 deduced amino acid sequence of the coat protein gene revealed that the Eg-A strain of CMV shared from 97.50 to 98.33% with those strains belonging to subgroup IA. The cluster analysis grouped the Egyptian isolate with strains Fny and Ri8 belonging sub-group IA. It appears that there occurs a high incidence of CMV infecting banana belonging to IA subgroup in most parts of Egypt.
Highlights
Medicinal plants have found many industrial uses, especially in the pharmaceutical and food industry, as well as in cosmetics
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of convection oven drying at 25°C ± 1°C for 65 hours, microwave oven drying at 800 W for 45 seconds, and air drying with sun exposure at 25°C ± 1°C for 65 hours on the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in leaves of two medicinal plants
Leaves were carefully separated from the stems and dried on the same day by the three drying methods: convection oven drying (CD), microwave drying (MD), and air drying with sun exposure (SUD)
Summary
Medicinal plants have found many industrial uses, especially in the pharmaceutical and food industry, as well as in cosmetics. Enzymatic processes in fresh plant tissues may lead to significant changes in the composition of bioactive constituents of herbs (Puranik et al, 2012) Natural pigments such as carotenoids, chlorophylls, and flavonoids are susceptible to degradation during processing. The drying process is basically defined as the decreasing of plant moisture content aimed at preventing enzymatic and microbial activity, and preserving the product for prolonged expiration time (Rocha et al, 2011). In the present study we investigated the effect of three different drying methods (convection oven drying, microwave drying, and air drying in the sun) on the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids in leaves of the two medicinal plants Urtica dioica L. and Mellisa officinalis L. The results obtained in a laboratory may provide recommendations for the selection of the drying method for plants under study
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