Abstract
In this study, wind-driven coastal upwelling in the Caspian Sea was investigated using a developed three-dimensional hydrodynamic numerical model based on the Princeton Ocean Model (POM). The model was forced with wind fields and atmospheric fluxes from the ECMWF database and it considers freshwater inflows from the Volga, Kura and Ural Rivers. This model was implemented for 10 years (2008–2018). Findings indicated that the upwelling in the Caspian Sea was due to effects of wind and bottom topography, often occurring from May to September. In June and July, in the eastern part of the middle and sometimes southern basins, up to 3°C water temperature difference occurs between coastal and offshore areas. The vertical temperature gradient in the middle basin was larger than that in the southern basin. Upwelling in August in the eastern coasts of the middle basin within 25 km of coast from the depth of 15 m to the surface was shown, which was due to the effects of wind and bottom topography. In the middle basin, the highest vertical velocities caused by upwelling in June, July and August were 12, 13.82, and 10.36 m/day, respectively.
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
