Abstract

People around the world are prone to frequent and intensive hazards due to the global climate change scenario and human interventions. Particularly, the coastal communities are always prone to various long-term coastal hazards like sea-level rise, shoreline changes, and short-term hazards like tsunami cyclone and storm surge. Coastal Andhra Pradesh state is consisting of 9 district and 670 villages and also having 3.43 Million Population (69.3%). Andhra Pradesh has a vast 972 km long coastline and total coastal area spread over 92,906 km2 comprising the nine coastal districts. Andhra Pradesh state is prone to various natural hazards, especially cyclone and associated storm surges. There is an extreme loss of life and damage to properties caused by these cyclones. During the past 40 years Andhra Pradesh coast experienced more than 62 cyclones including depression, cyclone surge, and severe cyclone surges. Among these cyclones, there were 32 cyclones which affected the Krishna–Godavari region, comprising four districts, namely East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, and Guntur. Therefore, these four districts have been considered for this social vulnerability study to identify the cyclone vulnerable villages. Geospatial applications are used in this study for spatial and non-spatial data processing and spatial analysis. The study indicated that half of the study area (3121.07 km2) lying moderately risk zone and around 7% of the study area observed high vulnerability. This study revealed that the use of geospatial application is most reliable and cost-effective approach for vulnerability and risk mapping and analysis. The result obtained from the present study may serve the baseline information for disaster management planning in the area.

Highlights

  • Majority of the coastlines in the world are at threat from various cyclone and storm surges

  • Coastal Social Vulnerability Index (CoSVI) calculated with combination of social vulnerability and infrastructure vulnerability and risk assessment for cyclone is analyzed using hazard and vulnerability, and the detailed structure of the methodology is described in the form of equations below (Eqs. 1–4)

  • Disaster risk is determined by the intensity and frequency of hazards, as well as its exposure and vulnerability to these hazards (Peduzzi et al 2009; Sharma et al 2009; Hoque et al 2017)

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Summary

Introduction

Majority of the coastlines in the world are at threat from various cyclone and storm surges. The term ‘Cyclone’ is used globally to cover tropical weather systems, in which winds equal or exceed the minimum of 34 knot (62 km ph) (Mohapatra 2015) These are intense low-pressure systems of the earth atmosphere coupled system and are extreme weather events of the tropics. 80% of the cyclones affected in India made its history in the eastern coast alone (Fitchett and Grab 2014) These coastal regions are already stressed with extreme habitants, who are responding in various ways to extreme weather events. The techniques of remote sensing, GIS, and GPS have been proven to provide extremely valuable data for analysis of the scenario and develop management action plans (Basheer Ahammed and Pandey 2019a). There are five major parameters which are used to assess the vulnerability including historical cyclone tracks, population density, population growth, settlement density, and transportation network

Study Area
Parameters for Vulnerability and Risk Analysis
Cyclone Intensity
Population Growth
Population Density
Household Density
Cyclone Shelter House
Transportation Accessibility
Coastal Social Vulnerability and Risk Assessment
Results and Discussion
Hazard
Vulnerability
Social Vulnerability
Infrastructure Vulnerability
Integrated Cyclone Risk Assessment
Conclusion

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