Coastal Hazard Modeling in Indonesia Small Island: Case Study of Ternate Island

Abstract

Indonesia’s small islands have a high potential for multi coastal hazards, including tsunami and coastal floods due to sea-level rise and tidal waves. Meanwhile, most small island populations live in coastal areas, which increases the potential for disaster risk. Hazard assessment is one of the essential stages and bases in disaster management. This study focuses on tsunami and coastal flood hazards modeling in Ternate Island and analyzing the potential impact on coastal land use. This research combined detailed remote sensing data and geographic information system methods to assess the coastal hazard models. A very detailed resolution remote sensing imagery of Pleiades and detail resolution imagery of SPOT 7 are used as input for physical parameter extraction. DEMNAS (Digital Elevation Models Nasional) data as a topographic parameter is used in potential tsunami and coastal flood hazard area coverage. A numerical model is applied to assess the tsunami hazard model using surface roughness, slope, and run-up scenarios based on historical data. At the same time, the coastal flood model integrates sea level rise parameters and average tidal waves. The research results are believed to contribute as important input data for disaster management based on the sister island concept in Indonesia.