Abstract
The study discusses the features of wind, turbulence, and surface roughness parameter over the coastal boundary layer of the Peninsular Indian Station, Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS). Every 5 min measurements from an ultrasonic anemometer at 3.3 m agl from May 2007 to December 2012 are used for this work. Symmetries in mesoscale turbulence, stress off-wind angle computations, structure of scalar wind, resultant wind direction, momentum flux (M), Obukhov length (L), frictional velocity (u*), w-component, turbulent heat flux (H), drag coefficient (CD), turbulent intensities, standard deviation of wind directions (σθ), wind steadiness factor-σθrelationship, bivariate normal distribution (BND) wind model, surface roughness parameter (z0),z0and wind direction (θ) relationship, and variation ofz0with the Indian South West monsoon activity are discussed.
Highlights
The lowest layers of the earth’s atmosphere based on wind variation with height are categorized into different layers such as (1) laminar sublayer, (2) Prandtl layer, and (3)Ekman spiral layer. (1) and (2) are together called surface boundary layer (SBL) or surface layer (SL) or the tower layer or constant flux layer
Wind profile in the SBL can be derived [3, 5] which provides the height above the earth’s surface where the mean wind speed (u) vanishes before the surface is called as the surface roughness parameter (z0 ): z z0 =
This study presents the features of wind, turbulence, and z0 over the peninsular coastal boundary layer over the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station, TERLS, (8∘ 32 N/76∘ 52 E, 6 m above msl), a place in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of the Kerala state of India
Summary
The lowest layers of the earth’s atmosphere based on wind variation with height are categorized into different layers such as (1) laminar sublayer, (2) Prandtl layer, and (3). Several approximations are available regarding SBL [1,2,3] about the height, vertical stress, heat flux, wind direction, turbulent diffusion, and insignificance of Coriolis effect. The z0 values may vary with the heights of wind measurements as profiles from tower will sense only local terrain irregularities of small horizontal size and at the low level the roughness length is representative of the locally smooth surface crops [16, 17]. Sonic anemometer measures wind data at high frequency rate and eddy-correlation method facilitates estimation of turbulence parameters. This study presents the features of wind, turbulence, and z0 over the peninsular coastal boundary layer over the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station, TERLS,. (8∘ 32 N/76∘ 52 E, 6 m above msl), a place in Thiruvananthapuram, the capital city of the Kerala state of India
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