Abstract
Ground deformation caused by underground coal mining has a large subsidence gradient and high nonlinearity and may cause continuous destruction to the surface structure after mining. A synthetic aperture radar interferometry (InSAR) is a powerful method for measuring and reconstructing the ground displacement. In this article, a total of 19 descending orbit X-band TerraSAR-X and 16 ascending orbit C-band Sentinel-1 images were integrated to monitor the ground displacement of a coal mining area in Yu County (Hebei Province, China) using a small baseline subset (SBAS-InSAR) algorithm. We found that the SBAS-InSAR technology can obtain reliable results in regions without a high gradient deformation by combining the deformation rates derived from both the TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1 datasets. The maximum subsidence rate was approximately 125 mm/y between 17 June 2015 and 07 January 2016. In the case of large-gradient deformation, it is indeed difficult to obtain the mining-induced surface subsidence information accurately using the conventional multitemporal (MT-InSAR) techniques owing to the limitations of the SAR wavelength. In response to this problem, a new decision-making fusion method based on SBAS-InSAR and offset tracking was developed to monitor the large-gradient settlement in mining areas. The results show that the method developed compensates for the shortcomings of the traditional MT-InSAR technologies in the field of large-gradient deformation and obtains reliable results.
Highlights
F OR a long time, coal has been China’s main source of energy, supporting the national economic and social development [1]
Comparing the surface subsidence results of SBASInSAR from TerraSAR-X and Sentinel-1 data, it is seen that the conventional SBAS-InSAR technique shows superior performance in mining regions with the small-scale deformation
The SBAS-InSAR method cannot detect reliable displacement information in the large-scale deformation areas as a result of the interferometric phase decorrelation caused by the large subsidence gradient
Summary
F OR a long time, coal has been China’s main source of energy, supporting the national economic and social development [1]. Coal mining has caused some ecological and environmental problems, which have seriously damaged surface buildings, farmland, roads, and water resources. The ground surface deformation is one of the major disasters caused. It is critical to monitor the surface subsidence caused by mining and determine the spatial size of the goaf to control mining subsidence damages effectively
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