Abstract
This chapter explores the coal cleaning for liquefaction by selective agglomeration with recycle oils. Oil agglomeration is an attractive pretreatment for coal liquefaction. Process economic improvements can result from down-sizing or eliminating deashing equipment, improved yields, reduced erosion/abrasion, and improved organic throughput. In a study described in the chapter, Wyodak subbituminous coal was successfully agglomerated with three coal liquefaction oils and one petroleum-derived oil. Ash rejections with the coal liquefaction oils ranged from 6% to 19%. Organic recoveries were about 98% and ash balances ranged from 88% to102%. Cresylic acid was necessary for the agglomeration of the lignite with the lignite-derived oil at the conditions tested, and it appeared to improve ash rejection but not lignite. It improved the kinetics of agglomeration of the lignite, and it impaired the ash balance. The induction period for phase inversion was about 40 min in Run 30 without cresylic acid but decreased to 6 min in Run 33 with cresylic acid. The Wyodak and Kemmerer coals were less amenable to cleaning by agglomeration. Rosebud coal showed little or no cleanability under the conditions used. Ash elemental results show that iron, a potential liquefaction catalyst, is selectively retained in the ash of the agglomeration products.
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