Abstract
AbstractPolyelectrolytes are found to be powerful coagulating agents for colloidal solutions at concentrations as low as 10—8 moles/l., and excellent stabilizing agents at somewhat higher concentrations (in excess of 10—6 moles/l.). This applies if the polyions have a charge opposite to that of the colloidal particles. If polyions and colloidal particles have like charges, the stability of the colloidal solutions is only slightly altered, primarily in the direction of sensitization. The investigations were carried out with FeOOH sols (positively charged particles), gold sols (negatively charged particles), sodium polystyrene sulfonate and polyvinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride. The stability was tested by means of a modified gold number (Au sols) or by considering the rate of coagulum formation (FeOOH sols). The stabilizing effect is interpreted as being both electrostatic and steric.
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