高CO2浓度对杂交水稻光合作用日变化的影响——FACE研究

Abstract

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 高CO2浓度对杂交水稻光合作用日变化的影响——FACE研究 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201509261974 作者: 作者单位: 扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心;扬州大学 环境科学与工程学院;中国科学院 南京土壤研究所;中国科学院 南京土壤研究所,扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学 环境科学与工程学院,扬州大学 环境科学与工程学院,中国科学院 南京土壤研究所;中国科学院 南京土壤研究所,扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,扬州大学 江苏省作物遗传生理国家重点实验室培育点/粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金面上项目（31571597，31371563，31171460）；国家自然科学基金国际（地区）合作与交流项目（31261140364）；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2015M581870）；江苏省博士后科研资助计划（1501077C）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目资助 Effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration on photosynthetic diurnal variation characteristics of hybrid rice: a FACE study Author: Affiliation: Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/ Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/ Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University,,,,,,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/ Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:大气二氧化碳（CO2）浓度增高导致全球变暖，但作为光合作用底物促进绿色作物的光合作用。为了明确高CO2浓度对杂交水稻结实期光合日变化的影响，2014年利用稻田FACE（Free Air CO2 Enrichment）平台，以生产上曾创高产纪录的两个杂交稻新组合甬优2640和Y两优2号为供试材料，设置环境CO2和高CO2浓度（增200 μmol/mol）两个水平，测定杂交稻抽穗期和灌浆中期光合作用日变化和成熟期生物量。结果表明，高CO2浓度环境下两组合抽穗期叶片净光合速率均大幅增加（全天平均52%），但灌浆中期的平均增幅减半，其中Y两优2号这种光合下调表现更为明显。大气CO2浓度升高使两杂交稻组合抽穗和灌浆中期叶片气孔导度均大幅下降，导致蒸腾速率下降而水分利用效率大幅增加，Y两优2号气孔导度和蒸腾速率对CO2的响应上午大于下午，而甬优2640表现相反。尽管大气CO2浓度升高使杂交稻结实期不同时刻胞间CO2浓度均大幅增加，但对气孔限制值特别是胞间CO2与空气CO2浓度之比多无显著影响，两品种趋势一致。大气CO2浓度升高对甬优2640地上部生物量及其组分的影响明显大于Y两优2号，CO2与品种间多存在互作效应。以上结果表明，与甬优2640相比，Y两优2号最终生产力从高CO2浓度环境中获益较少可能与该品种生长后期存在明显的光合适应有关，但这种光合适应似乎不是由气孔限制造成的。 Abstract:The rising of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration has been blamed for global warming, but it promotes the leaf photosynthesis of crops because CO2 is the main substrate for photosynthesis. In order to understand the effect of elevated CO2 concentration on diurnal courses of CO2 uptake of hybrid rice, a paddy field experiment utilizing free air CO2 enrichment (FACE) technology was undertaken to determine diurnal courses of leaf photosynthesis at heading and middle grain filling stages, and its association with the final productivity of rice at maturity. Two hybrid rice variety Yongyou 2640 (YY 2640) and YLiangyou No.2 (YLY 2) were grown in the ambient CO2 and the elevated CO2 concentration (200 μmol/mol above ambient) from plant transplanting until grain maturity. Elevated CO2 concentration significantly increased net photosynthetic CO2 assimilation of flag leaves of two hybrids by 52% on average at heading, but the enhancement was reduced to half at the middle grain filling stage. This photosynthesis acclimation was more pronounced in YLY 2. Elevated CO2 concentration significantly decreased stomatal conductance of two hybrids at both heading and grain filling stages, resulting in lower transpiration and higher water use efficiency. Greater CO2 responses of leaf transpiration and stomatal conductance were observed in the morning for YLY 2, but YY 2640 showed higher CO2 effects in the afternoon. Growth at elevated CO2 concentration significantly increased intercellular CO2 concentration, but had no clear effects on the ratio of intercellular to air CO2 concentration and stomata limitation value, and the same trend was observed for the two varieties. The CO2 effects on the above-ground biomass and its components were greater in YY 2640 than YLY 2, and it was reflected in the significant CO2 by variety interactions. The results indicated that compared with YY 2640, the lower CO2 gain on final productivity of YLY 2 might result from photosynthesis acclimation at the late growth stage, and this down-regulation in leaf photosynthesis was not caused by stomatal limitation. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献