CO2浓度升高对小麦水分利用效率的影响研究综述

Abstract

本文综述了CO2浓度升高条件下，小麦水分利用效率的研究进展，并提出未来研究的重点与方向。CO2浓度升高对未来农业的影响备受人们关注。CO2浓度升高显著提高了小麦在叶片、群体及产量水平下的水分利用效率(WUE)。但叶片水平的WUE提高最为显著。在叶片水平，CO2浓度升高主要是通过提高冬小麦的光合作用、降低气孔导度和蒸腾作用使叶片WUE大幅提高；在群体水平，主要是通过增加生物量，但对耗水量影响不显著；产量水平WUE的提高主要是亩穗数的增加带来的增产效应。此外，CO2浓度升高条件下小麦WUE与温度、水分、养分等环境因子的关系密切。 In this paper, it will review the research progress of wheat water use efficiency under elevated carbon dioxide and point out the current problems and look forward so as to provide new ideas for further study. The effects of carbon dioxide enrichment on future agriculture receive much concern in our society. Wheat water use efficiency (WUE) at leaf level, population level and production level are all improved under elevated CO2 condition. The WUE at leaf level im-proved more and it can be attributed to the increase of photosynthetic rate and the decrease of transpiration rate and stomatal conductance. At population level, there is a substantial increase in the biomass of wheat but little influence on evapotranspiration. At production level, the increase of tiller numbers is the key factors. In addition, the increase of WUE of wheat under elevated CO2 has much relationship with other environmental factors, such as temperature, water and nutrient. In this paper, it will review the research progress of wheat water use efficiency under elevated carbon di-oxide and point out the current problems and look forward so as to provide new ideas for further study.