Abstract
We report the synthesis of Co2+ substituted Mg–Cu–Zn ferrite via citrate gel combustion process and thereby its structural, transport, and magnetic properties for the use in electromagnetic energy absorption application. The polycrystalline ferrite system is investigated by interplay of stoichiometric composition with Mg0.25–xCoxCu0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4 (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.25). Structural investigations using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) reveal the formation of spinel structure with linear growth of lattice constant due to Co2+ substitution. The microstructural analysis (TEM and SEM) depicts the dense microstructure with the average grain size of 0.42–1.25 μm. The elemental analysis (EDS) confirms the elemental composition of the as-prepared ferrite with respect to the initial concentrations of the synthetic composition used. The observed variations in initial permeability (μi) and magnetic moment (nB) are explained based on deviation in saturation magnetization (Ms), anisotropy constant (K1), density values, and exchange interaction. The temperature dependence of DC resistivity confirms the semiconducting behavior of the as-prepared ferrite material, with an increase in the DC resistivity by an incorporation of cobalt. Furthermore, the effects of adding Co2+ on the Curie temperature, frequency dependent dielectric properties of the ferrite material are also discussed.
Highlights
Modern technology can be considered as a direct consequence of the innovations made and research carried out in the fields of science and engineering.The uncontrolled and progressive growth of modern communication technologies associated with increased industrialization is exploded into one of the biggest crisis of pollution, i.e., electromagnetic pollution or electrosmog
There is an imperative call for the development of electromagnetic wave absorbers with wider absorbing bandwidth [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
In addition to SEM analysis, particle size ( t1 ) and nanostructure of Co2+ substituted Mg–Cu–Zn ferrite nanoparticles were examined through TEM (Fig. 4)
Summary
Modern technology can be considered as a direct consequence of the innovations made and research carried out in the fields of science and engineering. Spinel ferrites stand as promising candidates for absorbing electromagnetic energy in VHF/UHF region due to their characteristic features of large magnetic losses (in the range of 155–920 kW/m3) and large resistivity (3×106 Ω·m) [9,10,11]. As an alternative to Ni–Cu–Zn ferrites, Mg–Cu–Zn ferrites have attracted researchers’ attention due to their fascinating properties, such as high resistivity, relatively high Curie temperature, high mechanical hardness, low production cost, environmental stability, and pertinent magnetic material [15,16]. Co2+ is a fast-relaxing ion which can enhance microwave properties It is the anisotropic ion responsible for the magnetic response time. The investigation is aimed to develop the ferrite material (Mg0.25–xCoxCu0.25Zn0.5Fe2O4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.25)) and characterize its structural, morphological, electrical, and magnetic properties for electromagnetic wave absorbing application
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