CO2 Conversion into N-Doped Porous Carbon-Encapsulated NiO/Ni Composite Nanomaterials as Outstanding Anode Material of Li Battery.

Yayong Li,Kaiyuan Liu,Chunxiao Xu,Pengwan Chen,Xin Gao

doi:10.3390/nano10081502

Abstract

N-doped porous carbon encapsulated NiO/Ni composite nanomaterials (N-doped NiO/Ni@C) was successfully obtained by a one-step solution combustion method. This study demonstrates a one-step combustion method to synthesize n-doped porous carbon encapsulated NiO/Ni composite nanomaterials, using carbon dioxide as the carbon source, nickel nitrate as the nickel source, and hydrazine hydrate as the reaction solution. Spherical NiO nanoparticles with a particle size of 20 nm were uniformly distributed in the carbon matrix. The load of NiO/Ni can be controlled by the amount of nickel nitrate. The range of carbon content of recovered samples is 69–87 at%. The content of incorporated nitrogen for recovered samples is 1.94 at%. As the anode of lithium ion battery, the composite material exhibits high capacity, excellent multiplier performance and stable circulation performance. N-doped NiO/Ni@C-2 was applied to lithium ion batteries, and its reversible capacity maximum is 980 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at the current density of 0.1 A g−1. Its excellent electrochemical properties imply its high potential application for high-performance lithium-ion battery anode materials.

Highlights

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is the most advanced high-efficiency secondary battery and the fastest-developing chemical energy storage battery
High resolution TEM (HRTEM) images show the spherical nanoparticles in size of approximately 20 nm encapsulated by layered structure
The calculated lattice distances are 0.339, 0.217 and 0.124 nm, which correspond to (002), (100) and (110) crystal surfaces of graphite respectively. These results further confirmed the existence of graphite phase carbon and polycrystalline NiO nanoparticles, indicating the successful synthesis of a few carbon layer coated NiO composite nanomaterials

Summary

Introduction

The lithium-ion battery (LIB) is the most advanced high-efficiency secondary battery and the fastest-developing chemical energy storage battery. Several carbon-based NiO nanocomposite materials were synthesized to increase the conductivity and specific surface area of NiO material for a higher performance on the cycle stability of the LIB. Wu et al [15] synthesized three dimensional (3D) Ni foam/N-CNTs/NiO nanosheets as an electrode material by both chemical vapor deposition and electrochemical deposition methods This electrode material exhibits a larger capacity, better cycling stability, superior rate capability, and higher ionic conductivity. Porous carbon nanomaterials possess high porosity, high specific surface area, and good electron mobility [20], which can be utilized as matrix materials to enhance the electrochemical performance of LIB anode material. The obtained materials exhibit high specific surface area of 888 m2 g−1, high pore volume of 2.05 cm g−1, good pore structure, and high content of 2.88 at% nitrogen in situ doping, and exhibit an excellent electrochemical performance in fuel cell. The above properties indicate that N-doped NiO/Ni@C is an ideal anode material for LIB

Experimental

Anode Preparation of Lithium Ion Battery

Characterization Results of Recovered Samples