Abstract
Global CO2 concentration level in the air is unprecedently high and should be rapidly and significantly reduced to avoid a global climate catastrophe. The work indicates the possibility of quickly lowering the impact of changes that have already happened and those we know will happen, especially in terms of the CO2 emitted and stored in the atmosphere, by implanting a virgin ivy plant on the available area of walls and roofs of the houses. The proposed concept of reducing CO2 from the atmosphere is one of the technologies with significant potential for implementation entirely and successfully. For the first time, we showed that the proposed concept allows over 3.5 billion tons of CO2 to be captured annually directly from the atmosphere, which makes even up 6.9% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The value constitutes enough high CO2 reduction to consider the concept as one of the applicable technologies allowing to decelerate global warming. Additional advantages of the presented concept are its global nature, it allows for the reduction of CO2 from all emission sources, regardless of its type and location on earth, and the fact that it will simultaneously lower the air temperature, contribute to oxygen production, and reduce dust in the environment.
Highlights
Progressing climate change has nowadays become a fact [1,2]
Some of the critical parameters mentioned here are the total amount of CO2 emitted from 1–2 car tank fillings, the average size of oil tanks for cars, the average CO2 emissions for gasoline and diesel-based engine fuels, the average number of people living in the houses and the world population
Because the total amount of CO2 emitted from 1–2 car tank fillings will have been absorbed by the virgin ivy plants, which have been covered on average-sized plants from the air per average house wall considering the geographical climatic conditions and the phenomena like convective mixing of the atmosphere, wind force and diffusion of CO2 [18], let us consider three cases with the lowest, average and the maximum number of cars equivalent for CO2 capture, i.e., 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0
Summary
Progressing climate change has nowadays become a fact [1,2]. The carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentration level in the atmosphere is unprecedentedly high and is a crucial driver of catastrophic global warming and climate change calamities. IEA has presented the key technologies such as carbon capture and storage, electrification of the industrial systems, biofuels, etc., as an alternative energy source for decarbonizing the energy sector [9,11]. The first one covers most efforts and is focused on reducing emissions of CO2 to the atmosphere, including increasing energy efficiency or switching to low- or zero-carbon fuel sources. Another approach is to deploy negative emissions technologies (NETs) to remove carbon from the atmosphere and sequester it reliably [8]. The above-mentioned excellent properties of ivy contributed to its selection for the presented analysis concerning CO2 capture from the atmosphere through walls and roofs covered with ivy plants. The obtained results for the first time demonstrate the significant ability of the proposed idea of rapidly globally reducing CO2 emissions in a relatively shorter time perspective from all emission sources, regardless of its type and location on earth
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