Abstract
This paper presents the parametric modelling process of cantilever soldier pile walls based on CO2 and cost optimization with the Harmony Search Algorithm. The study attempted to fulfil the geotechnical and structural design requirements and sustainable usage necessities simultaneously. The variants of the optimum design process are selected as the cross-sectional characteristics of cantilever soldier piles such as the length and diameter of the pile, and the other design variables are the reinforcement detailing of the pile such as the diameter and the number of reinforcement bars. Besides the volume of the concrete, the unit prices of both reinforcement and concrete are evaluated as another part of the variants. The shear and flexural strength necessities, minimum cross section of the reinforcing bars and factor of safety values are identified as the constraints of the optimization. Different objective functions are defined to provide the minimum cost, the minimum CO2 emission and the integrated multi-objective evaluation of cost and CO2. In addition, the type of steel and concrete reinforcement on the optimum CO2 emission is investigated with the use of different material emission values that are selected from current literature studies. Consequently, the results of the optimization analyses are interrogated to investigate if the attainment of both minimum CO2 and cost balance can be achieved.
Highlights
The execution of an excavation at the construction sequence makes it necessary to use retaining structures to procure support for ensuring lateral forces that are dependent on the excavation depth and the kind of soil in which it is embedded [1]
In order to overcome this absence in the present study, initially the cost optimization problem and the CO2 emission problem of piles are taken into account individually, the integrated relationship of cost and CO2 minimization is investigated with multi-objective optimization design application
The retaining structure design problem is investigated by some researchers with the use of the Harmony Search Algorithm [24,33,34] but the topic of integrated analysis of cost and CO2 emissions is not selected as a case of the studies
Summary
The execution of an excavation at the construction sequence makes it necessary to use retaining structures to procure support for ensuring lateral forces that are dependent on the excavation depth and the kind of soil in which it is embedded [1]. The retaining structure design problem is investigated by some researchers with the use of the Harmony Search Algorithm [24,33,34] but the topic of integrated analysis of cost and CO2 emissions is not selected as a case of the studies. Eight of the selected design variables are related to the cross-sectional dimensions and five of the design variables are related to the reinforcement details In addition to these studies, Aydogdu [36] investigated the effects of steel and concrete classes on the optimization. Numerical examples have been conducted to investigate the magnitude of the surcharge load and the effects of soil properties are studied to search for the relationship between the minimum cost and CO2 emissions
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
