Abstract
This research aimed to explore the potential and mechanism of heat modified sawdust combined with Festuca arundinacea for the remediation of Pb-contaminated soil. We determined Pb concentration and biochemical indices in plants and soils, analyzed microbial communities in soil, and studied Pb distribution in subcellular and tissues. Under co-remediation of 5% material addition and Festuca arundinacea, the concentration of Pb in soil decreased. Pb toxicity of Festuca arundinacea was alleviated by 2% material addition through the promotion of plant growth and reduction of oxidative stress. In addition, soil enzyme activities and microbial community in contaminated soil were promoted by the application of co-remediation. Festuca arundinacea cell wall accumulated a large amount of Pb, and the addition of material promoted the accumulation of Pb in Festuca arundinacea root. The concentration of Pb in the shoot of the plant treated with 2% material was higher than that of the plant treated with 5% material, and the damage of Festuca arundinacea leaves was lower under 2% treatment. The combination of heat modified sawdust and Festuca arundinacea promoted the adsorption of Pb by plants, and protected the growth of plants.
Highlights
Pb pollution has become increasingly prominent in recent years, with the gradual development of society
Co-remediation of Festuca arundinacea and the mixture of sawdust ash and sawdust biochar reduced the total amount of Pb in soil
The effect of 2% FA co-remediation on soil microbial community type and abundance was greater than that of 5% FA, which indicated that excessive material may reduce the bioavailability of nutrients in soil
Summary
Pb pollution has become increasingly prominent in recent years, with the gradual development of society. Heat modified biomass materials can effectively stabilize heavy metals in soil, thereby alleviating the heavy metal toxicity in the environment[6]. Festuca arundinacea www.nature.com/scientificreports is a kind of herbaceous plant with high utilization rate in China. It is suitable for growing in different soil and environmental conditions, with a wide range of growth, especially in Yunnan, Guizhou, and other areas in South China. We applied heat modified sawdust (HMS) in Pb-contaminated soil and combined it with phytoremediation of Festuca arundinacea to study the co-remediation potential and effects of Pb-contaminated soil. The effect of co-remediation on Pb accumulation in Festuca arundinacea was studied by measuring the distribution of Pb in its organs and subcells
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