Co-Relation Between Metabolic Status and Stage of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients Visiting Mayo Hospital, Lahore

Abstract

Purpose: To find out correlation of metabolic status (HbA1c, liver function tests, renal function tests, and hemoglobin (Hb)) with stage of diabetic retinopathy. Study Design: Observational correlational study. Place and Duration of Study: Mayo hospital Lahore, from April 2016 to October 2016. Methods: After approval from the Institutional Review Board of King Edward Medical University,188 patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in any one of their eyes, were enrolled. The mean age of subjects was 54.43 ± 9.17 years. Staging of diabetic retinopathy was done by an ophthalmologist and relevant blood workup was carried out. If a patient had DR in both eyes, the eye in the advanced stage was recorded. Spearman rho (ρ) correlation coefficients were analyzed. The determination coefficient (r2) was also evaluated. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. There were 161 (85%) patients with NPDR, 16 (8.5%) had PDR, and 11 (5.8%) had Adevanced diabetic eye disease. Spearman rho correlation of stage of retinopathy with HbA1c, BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGPT, SGOT, ALP, and Hb were -0.20, 0.160, 0.052, 0.008, -0.13, 0.119, 0.294 and -0.61 respectively; showing positive correlation to BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGOT, and Alkaline phosphate, and negative to HbA1c, SGPT, and Hb. The correlation was significant with BUN and ALP; p = 0.03 and p < 0.001 respectively. Conclusion: Stages of DR showed a positive correlation with BUN, Serum creatinine, Bilirubin, SGOT, and ALP, and negative to HbA1c, SGPT, and Hb. Metabolic state of the diabetic patients should be determined and kept under control while managing diabetic retinopathy.