Abstract
Dried Distiller's Grains with Solubles (DDGS), a by-product of bio-ethanol production from maize and other cereals, is increasingly used as a feed additive. In this study, five Fusarium toxins, including fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEN) and beauvericin (BEA) were quantified by LC-MS/MS in 59 corn-DDGS samples. In addition, the fumonisin level in 30 randomly selected-samples was compared using an ELISA detection technique. No sample was free from mycotoxin contamination, and 50.8% of the samples were co-contaminated with all five mycotoxins. Moreover, toxin levels were generally high, with mean levels of 9mgkg(-1) FB1, 6mgkg(-1) FB2, 1.2mgkg(-1) DON, 0.9mgkg(-1) ZEN, and 0.35mgkg(-1) BEA. Maximum levels for FB1 (143mgkg(-1)) and FB2 (125mgkg(-1)) are of acute toxicological relevance. The ELISA method had a tendency to underestimate the fumonisin content when compared with LC-MS/MS. Finally, this is the first reported beauvericin contamination in corn-DDGS.
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