Abstract
We report the development of a combined confocal Raman spectroscopy (CRS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) instrument (CRS-OCT) capable of measuring analytes in targeted biological tissues with sub-100-micron spatial resolution. The OCT subsystem was used to measure depth-resolved tissue morphology and guide the acquisition of chemically-specific Raman spectra. To demonstrate its utility, the instrument was used to accurately measure depth-resolved, physiologically-relevant concentrations of Tenofovir, a microbicide drug used to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV, in ex vivo tissue samples.
Highlights
To maximize their effectiveness, many therapeutic and prophylactic drugs must be delivered to specific tissue sites
The prediction accuracy was quantified by calculating the root mean squared error of cross-validation (RMSECV)
The instrument uses skin-safe light levels and was utilized to accurately measure depth-resolved, physiologically-relevant concentrations of Tenofovir, a microbicide drug used to prevent the sexual transmission of HIV, in ex vivo tissue samples
Summary
Many therapeutic and prophylactic drugs must be delivered to specific tissue sites. The current gold-standard method used to measure Tenofovir concentrations in tissue is liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) [2]. It is highly sensitive, LC-MS/MS is destructive, expensive, and labor intensive. Confocal Raman spectroscopy has been recently applied, using commercially-available instrumentation, to detect Tenofovir in tissue samples ex vivo [13]. Combining confocal RS (CRS) with OCT in a single instrument could provide an accurate method to evaluate drug delivery to specific tissue sites or analyze the morphological and chemical properties of potentially pathologic tissues
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